List of assessments at each major phase of emotion & temperament research (GEO project)

List of assessments at each major phase of emotion & temperament research (GEO project) PHASE I, AGE: 12 WEEKS OR YOUNGER PHASE II, AGE: 6 MONTHS PHASE III, AGE: 9 MONTHS PHASE IV, AGE: 12 MONTHS PHASE V, AGES: 19-30 MONTHS PHASE VI, AGE: 36 MONTHS PHASE VII, AGE: 6-9 YEARS (FOLLOW-UP VISIT) "Other" assessments (not specific to phases) PHASE I, AGE: 12 WEEKS OR YOUNGER Home visit 1 Emotion onset: Observation/verification of social smile Cognition: Bayley Scale of Mental Development (Bayley, 1993): sensory-motor tasks appropriate for age Home Environment: HOME Observation for Assessmentment of the Environment (Caldwell & Bradley, 1984) Interactional assessment: 5 min primary caregiver-infant play videotaped sessions of cognitive and emotional exchange Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; completed by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Questionnaires Demographic questionnaire: information on family structure and socioeconomic status Temperament: Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ)--Twin A & B, by primary caregiver (Rothbart, 1981) Temperament: Infant Irritability Scale (IIS)--Twin A & B, by primary caregiver (O'Boyle, 1996) Home Environment: Family Expressiveness Questionnaire (FEQ) - by primary caregiver (Halberstadt, 1986) Parental Personality: Positive, Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) - parents' self-report (Watson & Clark) Parental Personality: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CESD)--primary caregiver (Rodloff, 1977) Post-visit videotaping at home: Parent-infant interaction, 3 common home situations Interactional assessments: Bathtime, Bedtime, & Feeding (inc. maternal sensitivity & infant responsiveness) Top PHASE II, AGE: 6 MONTHS Lab Visit 1: Behavioral Assessment Temperament: Prelocomotor Lab-TAB (Goldsmith & Rothbart, version 3, 1996) Pleasure episodes; peek- a-boo with parent and puppet show Activity episodes; infant plays with basket of toys Anger episodes; gentle arm restraint by parent, placement in a car seat Fear episodes; reaction to novel masks, friendly stranger approach Interest/Persistence episodes; viewing neutral slide show Cognition: Visual Expectation Paradigm (Haith, Hazan, & Goodman, 1988). Visual reaction time task with computer generated stimuli Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; filled out by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Lab Visit 2/Lab Visit 3: Psychophysiology (Davidson lab) Baseline cardiac and respiration: recording 10 minutes of baseline activity for assessment of RSA Baseline EEG: recording of brain electrical activity for five, 1 minute segments Cardiac, respiration, and EEG assessments while pleasure, wariness, and mild anger are elicited with Goldsmith and Rothbart's Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery Cortisol collection (post visit 2): Cortisol collected by expressing child's saliva Total of 5 samples per twin, 2 in the lab and 3 at home (including cortisol background questionnaire) Questionnaires Zygosity questionnaire (Goldsmith, 1991) Temperament: Infant Behavior Questionnaire--by both parents Home Environment: Family Expressiveness Questionnaire--by primary caregiver Home Environment: Parental Stress Index--by both parents Home Environment: Childrearing Practices Report (CRPR) Version 1 Parental Personality: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule--both parents self-report Top PHASE III, AGE: 9 MONTHS Home visit 2 Locomotor Onset: Observation & Verification of Crawling Onset; dates obtained from parents Emotion onset: Observation/verification stranger distress; stranger approach in home Emotion onset: Observation of anger to arm restraint; gentle arm restraint in home Cognition: Object permanence task (Uzgiris & Hunt, 1978); Piaget based task Physical: Reaching tasks (handedness) Physical: Bimanual tasks Interactional assessment: Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCAST) (Sumner & Spietz, 1994) Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; filled out by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Questionnaires Handedness questionnaire--by both parents Parental Personality: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule--both parents' self-report Parental Personality: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale--by primary caregiver Post-visit videotaping at home Interactional assessments: Bathtime, Bedtime, & Feeding PHASE IV, AGE: 12 MONTHS Lab visit 4: Behavioral assessment Temperament: Prelocomotor Lab-TAB (Goldsmith & Rothbart, 1988; 1996) Pleasure episodes; peek-a-boo with Primary caregiver, puppet show Activity episodes; child placed in a circle of age-appropriate toys Anger episodes; gentle arm restraint; placement in car seat Fear episodes; reaction to novel masks; stranger approach Interest/Persistence episodes; viewing neutral slide show Cognition: Object Permanence tasks: Piaget based task Cognition: Visual Expectation Paradigm: visual reaction time to computer generated stimuli Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; completed by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Lab Visit 5/ Lab Visit 6: Psychophysiology (Davidson lab) Baseline cardiac and respiration: recording 10 minutes of baseline activity for assessment of RSA Baseline EEG: recording of brain electrical activity for five, 1 minute segments Cardiac, respiration, and EEG assessments while pleasure, wariness, and mild anger are elicited with Goldsmith and Rothbart's Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery Cortisol collection (post visit 5): Cortisol collected by expressing child's saliva Total of 5 samples per twin, 2 in the lab and 3 at home (including cortisol background questionnaire) Questionnaires Physical/Health: Pediatric Update Form: information on illness; surgery during first year Temperament: Infant Behavior Questionnaire--by both parents Home Environment: Family Expressiveness Questionnaire--by primary caregiver Home Environment: Parental Stress Index--by both parents Parental Personality: Positive and Negative Affect Schedule--both parents self-report Cognition: MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory--parent checklist of words and communicative gestures child makes Top PHASE V, AGES: 19-30 MONTHS Laboratory visits 7, 8, 9 & 10 at 19 months, 22 months, 25 months, & 28 months These visits are similar and include the following assessments Self development: self-other distinctions Self development: Mirror image tests of self-recognition Self conscious emotions: Empathy tasks (primary caregiver simulates hurt twice) Self conscious emotions: Pride/shame task (reactions to winning/losing) Self conscious emotions: Embarrassment tasks (compliments, dancing) Self conscious emotions: Guilt task (mishaps created that were apparently child's fault) Temperament: Inhibitory Control tasks (snack delay, opening gift, select 2 toys from large container) Palm prints (done once) Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; filled out by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Cortisol collection: Cortisol collected by expressing saliva from child's mouth Total of 3 samples per twin, all at home at 25 months (including cortisol background questionnaire) Questionnaire at 18 months Cognition: MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory: parent checklist of child's words & sentences Questionnaires at 22 months Temperament: Goldsmith's (1996) Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire (TBAQ)--by both parents Home Environment: Family Expressiveness Questionnaire--by primary caregiver Home Environment: Parental Stress Index--by both parents Questionnaires at 25 months Physical/Health: Pediatric Update Form: information on illness/surgery during 2nd year Parental Personality: Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ)--by both parents Cognition: MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory--by primary caregiver Questionnaires at 30 months Cognition: MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory: parent checklist of words & sentences Top PHASE VI, AGE: 36 MONTHS Laboratory visit 11 Temperament: Preschool Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery (Goldsmith & Reilly, 1993) Sixteen episodes tapping different aspects of temperament Activity episodes; child placed in tub of large playground balls (gross motor skill activity), child manipulates workbench (fine motor activity) Distress; gentle arm restraint, parent takes novel toy from child, experimenter unevenly distributes candy, child expects gift and opens empty box Fear episodes; playtime in room with novel toys; stranger approach Interest/Persistence episodes; viewing neutral slide show, sorting beads by color Exuberance; child surprises parent with pop-up toy, child pops bubbles Inhibitory Control; child must wait for cue from experimenter before eating snack, select 2 toys from large container of toys Contentment; child makes bookmark, child draws picture Temperament: Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; filled out by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Lab visit 12 Parental Personality & Marital Interaction: Birth narrative; parents describe twins' pregnancy, labor, & delivery Temperament & sibling interaction: Free play session Interactional assessment: (NCATS), child learns new task from primary caregiver and secondary caregiver Cognition: abbreviated Bayley Scale of Mental Development; items assessing formation of concepts Cognition: Language samples Temperament: Bayley Behavior Rating Scale Record Form; completed by experimenter to evaluate attention, orientation, emotion regulation, and motor quality Questionnaires Physical/Health: Pediatric Update Form: information on illness/surgery during 3rd year Temperament: Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ)--by both parents Home Environment: Family Expressiveness Questionnaire--by primary caregiver Home Environment: Childrearing Practices Report Version 2 Interactional: Sibling Conflict Questionnaire (revised for twins)--by primary caregiver Top PHASE VII, AGE: 6-9 YEARS (FOLLOW-UP VISIT) Home visit 13 Primary caregiver-child interaction procedures with the twins Twin A-Twin B social interaction without primary caregiver present 12 episodes of the home version of the Preschool Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery Assessment of emotion-modulated startle in the home using video coding, a technique recently validated by us in Davidson's lab Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Questionnaires (administered to primary caregiver during the visit) Physical/Health: Pediatric Update Form: information on illness/surgery during 3rd year Temperament: Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ)--by both parents Home Environment: Family Expressiveness Questionnaire--by primary caregiver Home Environment: Childrearing Practices Report Version 2 Interactional: Sibling Conflict Questionnaire (revised for twins)--by primary caregiver "Other" assessments (not specific to phases) MEDICAL RECORDS (CONSENT AT 3-MONTHS) Obstetrics scale: indexes maternal complication during pregnancy, labor, and delivery Neonatal complications scale: indexes problems during first few weeks of life Neonatal morbidity scale: indexes major illnesses/problems of infants MATERNAL DIARIES (BEGINNING AT WEEK 13, CONTINUING Emotion Checklists: Discrete Emotion Scale (modified) ratings Dental Charts Locomotion milestones Assessment of specific changes in family situation, child health, etc (Weekly Questionnaire) REGULAR TELEPHONE INTERVIEWS, 6-16 MONTHS, REGARDING THE FOLLOWING TOPICS (AS AGE-APPROPRIATE) Physical growth: weight and height at significant ages, 6, 9, and 12 months Separation distress: infant's response to caregiver leaving Stranger distress: infant's response to strangers Language milestones: one, two-word onsets Shy behavior Bold behavior Self-recognition: infant's recognition of self in mirror or pictures Internalization of standards: infant's compliance to family/societal rules Top