This article reviews research on executive function (EF) skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the relation between EF and language abilities. The current study assessed EF using nonverbal tasks of inhibition, shifting, and updating of working memory (WM) in school-age children with ASD.
Slide of the Week
Margarita Kaushanskaya, PhD – Slide of the Week
This study investigated whether the effect of exposure to code-switching on bilingual children’s language performance varied depending on verbal working memory. A large sample of school-aged Spanish-English bilingual children (N = 174, Mage = 7.78) was recruited, and children were administered language measures in English and Spanish.
Katherine C. Hustad, PhD – Slide of the Week
We examined growth between 5 and 7 years in speech intelligibility, speech rate, and intelligible words per minute (IWPM) in three groups of children: those who were typically developing (TD), those with cerebral palsy (CP) and clinical speech motor impairment (SMI), and those with CP and no speech motor impairment (NSMI).
Edward Hubbard, PhD – Slide of the Week
Approximately 1 in 20 people experience a kind of “mixing of the senses”, known as synesthesia. In the type of synesthesia we are investigating here, “grapheme‐color synesthesia” letters and numbers (collectively referred to as graphemes) automatically and involuntarily elicit color experiences (top section). This type of synesthesia affects approximately 1% of the population.
H. Hill Goldsmith, PhD – Slide of the Week
Peer victimization impacts 13% of adolescents worldwide (Currie et al. 2012). Despite its prevalence and associated adverse outcomes, global cognitive processes that could be affected by peer victimization have not been thoroughly investigated.
Peter Ferrazzano, MD – Slide of the Week
Neuroinflammation plays an important role in ischemic brain injury and recovery, however the interplay between brain development and the neuroinflammatory response is poorly understood. We previously described age-dependent differences in the microglial response and the effect of microglial inhibition.
Sigan Hartley, PhD – Slide of the Week
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) report elevated parenting stress. The current study examined bidirectional effects between parenting stress and three domains of child functioning (ASD symptoms, internalizing behavior problems, and externalizing behavior problems) across four time points in 188 families of children with ASD (originally aged 5 to 12 yrs).
David Gamm, MD, PhD – Slide of the Week
Numerous protocols have been described that produce neural retina from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), many of which are based on the culture of 3D organoids. While nearly all such methods yield at least partial segments of highly mature-appearing retinal structure, variabilities exist within and between organoids that can change over a protracted time course of differentiation.
Christopher Coe, PhD – Slide of the Week
The developing immune system is an adaptive system, primed by antigens, responsive to infectious pathogens, and can be affected by other aspects of the early rearing environment, including deviations from the normal provision of parental care. We investigated whether early rearing in an institutional setting, even when followed by years living in supportive and well-resourced families, would be associated with a persistent shift in T cell profiles.
Viji Easwar, PhD – Slide of the Week
Accurate use of interaural time differences (ITDs) for spatial hearing may require access to bilateral auditory input during sensitive periods in human development. Providing bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) simultaneously promotes symmetrical development of bilateral auditory pathways but does not support normal ITD sensitivity.