The goals of this research were to obtain initial estimates of the prevalence of each of four types of motor speech disorders in children with idiopathic Speech Delay (SD) and to use findings to estimate the population-based prevalence of each disorder. Analyses were completed on audio-recorded conversational speech samples from 415 children recruited for research in idiopathic SD in six USA cities during the past three decades.
Slide of the Week
Karl S. Rosengren, PhD – Slide of the Week
Children’s drawings have long been used to assess aspects of general cognitive functioning, intelligence, perceptual motor development, and even socio-emotional development. The goal of the current study was to examine the structure of children’s drawings using crowd-sourced human similarity judgments and machine vision approaches.
Luigi Puglielli, MD, PhD – Slide of the Week
Mutations and duplication events in AT-1/SLC33A1 are highly pleiotropic and have been linked to diseases such as spastic paraplegia, developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, propensity to seizures, and dysmorphism.
Seth Pollak, PhD – Slide of the Week
Although the configurations of facial muscles that humans perceive vary continuously, we often represent emotions as categories. This suggests that, as in other domains of categorical perception such as speech and color perception, humans become attuned to features of emotion cues that map onto meaningful thresholds for these signals given their environments.
Robert Pearce, MD, PhD – Slide of the Week
Previous experiments using genetic and pharmacological manipulations have provided strong evidence that etomidate impairs synaptic plasticity and memory by modulating a5-subunit containing GABAARs (a5-GABAARs). Since a5-GABAARs mediate tonic inhibition (TI) in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells, and etomidate enhances TI, etomidate enhancement of TI in pyramidal cells has been proposed as the underlying mechanism (Martin et al., 2009).
Ben Parrell, PhD – Slide of the Week
We present a new computational model of speech motor control: the Feedback-Aware Control of Tasks in Speech or FACTS model. This model is based on a state feedback control architecture, which is widely accepted in non-speech motor domains. The FACTS model employs a hierarchical observer-based architecture, with a distinct higher-level controller of speech tasks and a lower-level controller of speech articulators.
Carrie Niziolek, PhD – Slide of the Week
We listen to ourselves while talking, comparing our acoustic output to an internal auditory representation of speech targets. Previous work has shown that speakers are sensitive to their own natural acoustic variability in their native language, steering deviant productions towards auditory targets while speaking.
Denise M. Ney, PhD – Slide of the Week
Low bone mineral density (BMD) and subsequent skeletal fragility have emerged as a long-term complication of phenylketonuria (PKU). The object of this study is to determine if there are differences in BMD and body composition between male and female participants with PKU.
Albee Messing, VMD, PhD – Slide of the Week
Glial cells have increasingly been implicated as active participants in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases, but critical pathways and mechanisms controlling glial function and secondary non-cell autonomous neuronal injury remain incompletely defined.
Marsha R. Mailick, PhD – Slide of the Week
The FMR1 premutation affects millions of people around the globe. Despite the high prevalence, the potential impact of this genetic variant on human health has not been fully explored. Here, we created the first population-based FMR1-informed biobank to discover the pattern of health characteristics in premutation carriers.