Advancing knowledge of human development, developmental disabilities, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Title: Suppression of microglia activation after hypoxia-ischemia results in age-dependent improvements in neurologic injury. Legend: P9 and P30 mice were exposed to unilateral hypoxia-ischemia and treated with minocycline or vehicle. A, B. Double immunohistological staining for Iba1 (green) and MAP2 (red) proteins in the CA1 region of the hippocampus at 2 days post-HI is shown. …
Legend: Latent growth curve modeling of longitudinal data (age 2-5 years) for 129 young children with ASD revealed four severity trajectory classes based on calibrated severity scores from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS): Persistent High (n=47); Persistent Moderate (n=54), Worsening (n=10), and Improving (n=18). The dashed line indicates the mean trajectory within each class. …
Legend: Fig. 1. The tokens of the determiner the for the three item types. Note the canonical formant transitions for the facilitating tokens and the steady formant values in the neutral token. Fig. 2. Proportion looking to target from onset of the to 1250 ms after target-word onset in the two conditions. Symbols and error bars …
Citation: Inter-pregnancy intervals and the risk of autism spectrum disorder: results of a population-based study. Durkin MS, DuBois LA, Maenner MJ, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015; 45(7): 2056-66. Abstract: Recent studies have reported an increased risk of autism among second-born children conceived <12 months versus >36 months after the birth of a sibling. …
Title: Amygdala and hippocampal volume is reduced in children exposed to different forms of adversity Legend: Volumetric comparisons for the left amygdala (A) and left (B) and right (C) hippocampus. For each graph, standardized residuals controlling for total gray matter, pubertal stage, and sex are shown on the vertical axis, and group is shown on the …
Title: Tai Chi as a potential therapy for ADHD Legend: Healthy young adults in a tai chi course reported reduced levels of inattention compared to controls. Photo: © Mariann Seriff (https://nccih.nih.gov/news/multimedia/images/details/2862) Citation: Converse AK, Ahlers EO, Travers BG, Davidson RJ (2014) Tai chi training reduces self-report of inattention in healthy young adults. Frontiers in Human …
Legend: Left panel: General patterns of [11C]PiB binding in participants with Down syndrome (DS). PiB binds to amyloid-β plaques, a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The top row shows nonspecific white matter binding. The middle row shows elevated PiB binding only in the striatum (pointed out by the arrows), which is unique to the …
Title: Cell cycle-linked MeCP2 phosphorylation modulates adult neurogenesis Legend: Representative images (left) of adult neural progenitor cells (aNPCs) isolated from wild type (WT) and Mecp2S421A;S424A/y hippocampus with BrdU pulse labeling, followed by immunocytochemistry analysis. (middle) Representative images of Tuj1+ neurons differentiated from WT and Mecp2S421A;S424A/y aNPCs. (right) Representative images of GFAP+ astrocyte differentiated from WT and …
Title: Up-regulation of NHE1 protein expression in reactive hippocampal astrocytes Legend: A.Expression of NHE1 protein in hippocampal astrocytes. Immunofluorescence signals of NHE1 and GFAP were shown under normoxia control or OGD (2 h) plus 0 h, 5 h, or 24 h REOX. Green: GFAP, red: NHE1 (arrows), blue: To-pro-3 nuclear staining. Scale Bar: 20 mm. …
Title: iPSC-Derived Forebrain Neurons from FXS Individuals Show Defects in Initial Neurite Outgrowth Legend: Left panel: Skin cells from individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that have characteristics of human embryonic stem cells. These iPSCs can then be differentiated into forebrain cortical neurons to study neuronal …
